TF1_資料彙整
卓雍然, 中山大學 管理學術研究中心
2023-10-14 13:24:07
資料彙整流程
Fig-1:交易資料彙整
1. 交易項目計錄：Z
rm(list=ls(all=T))
knitr::opts_chunk$set(paged.print=FALSE, comment = NA)
pacman::p_load(magrittr, readr, caTools, ggplot2, dplyr, vcd)1.1 讀進資料
Z = read_csv("data/ta_feng_all_months_merged.csv") %>%
data.frame %>% setNames(c(
"date","cust","age","area","cat","prod","qty","cost","price"))Rows: 817741 Columns: 9
-- Column specification --------------------------------------------------------
Delimiter: ","
chr (5): TRANSACTION_DT, CUSTOMER_ID, AGE_GROUP, PIN_CODE, PRODUCT_ID
dbl (4): PRODUCT_SUBCLASS, AMOUNT, ASSET, SALES_PRICE
i Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
i Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.nrow(Z)[1] 817741tibble(Z)# A tibble: 817,741 x 9
date cust age area cat prod qty cost price
<chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 11/1/2000 01104905 45-49 115 110411 4710199010372 2 24 30
2 11/1/2000 00418683 45-49 115 120107 4710857472535 1 48 46
3 11/1/2000 01057331 35-39 115 100407 4710043654103 2 142 166
4 11/1/2000 01849332 45-49 Others 120108 4710126092129 1 32 38
5 11/1/2000 01981995 50-54 115 100205 4710176021445 1 14 18
6 11/1/2000 01741797 35-39 115 110122 0078895770025 1 54 75
7 11/1/2000 00308359 60-64 115 110507 4710192225520 1 85 105
8 11/1/2000 01607000 35-39 221 520503 4712936888817 1 45 68
9 11/1/2000 01057331 35-39 115 320203 4715398106864 2 70 78
10 11/1/2000 00236645 35-39 Unknown 120110 4710126091870 1 43 53
# i 817,731 more rows日期格式轉換
Z$date = as.Date(Z$date, format="%m/%d/%Y")
par(cex=0.8)
hist(Z$date,'weeks',freq=T,las=2)
年齡層級、郵遞區號
age.group = c("<25","25-29","30-34","35-39","40-44",
"45-49","50-54","55-59","60-64",">65")
Z$age = c(paste0("a",seq(24,69,5)),"a99")[match(Z$age,age.group,11)]
Z$area = paste0("z",Z$area)
Fig-2:郵遞區號
par(mfrow=c(1,2),cex=0.7)
table(Z$age, useNA='ifany') %>% barplot(main="Age Groups", las=2)
table(Z$area,useNA='ifany') %>% barplot(main="Areas", las=2)
處理離群值
# Quantile of Variables
sapply(Z[,7:9], quantile, prob=c(.99, .999, .9995)) qty cost price
99% 6 858.0 1014.00
99.9% 14 2722.0 3135.82
99.95% 24 3799.3 3999.00# Remove Outliers
Z = subset(Z, qty<=24 & cost<=3800 & price<=4000)
nrow(Z) [1] 817182彙總訂單 Assign Transaction ID
把每一天、每一為顧客的交易項目彙總為一張訂單
Z$tid = group_indices(Z, date, cust) # same customer same dayWarning: The `...` argument of `group_indices()` is deprecated as of dplyr 1.0.0.
i Please `group_by()` first
Call `lifecycle::last_lifecycle_warnings()` to see where this warning was
generated.資料總覽
# No. cust, cat, prod, tid
sapply(Z[c("cust","cat","prod","tid")], n_distinct) cust cat prod tid
32256 2007 23789 119422 2. 交易計錄：X
交易資料彙整
X = Z %>% group_by(tid) %>% summarise(
date = min(date), # 交易日期
cust = min(cust), # 顧客 ID
age = min(age), # 顧客 年齡級別
area = min(area), # 顧客 居住區別
items = n(), # 交易項目(總)數
pieces = sum(qty), # 產品(總)件數
total = sum(price), # 交易(總)金額
gross = sum(price - cost) # 毛利
) %>% data.frame
nrow(X) # 119422 [1] 119422處理離群值
# Check Quantile & Remove Outliers
sapply(X[,6:9], quantile, prob=c(.999, .9995, .9999)) items pieces total gross
99.9% 54 81.0000 9009.579 1824.737
99.95% 62 94.2895 10611.579 2179.817
99.99% 82 133.0000 16044.401 3226.548# Remove Outliers
X = subset(X, items<=62 & pieces<95 & total<16000) # 119328交易摘要
summary(X) tid date cust age
Min. : 1 Min. :2000-11-01 Length:119328 Length:119328
1st Qu.: 29855 1st Qu.:2000-11-29 Class :character Class :character
Median : 59705 Median :2001-01-01 Mode :character Mode :character
Mean : 59712 Mean :2000-12-31
3rd Qu.: 89581 3rd Qu.:2001-02-02
Max. :119422 Max. :2001-02-28
area items pieces total
Length:119328 Min. : 1.000 Min. : 1.000 Min. : 5.0
Class :character 1st Qu.: 2.000 1st Qu.: 3.000 1st Qu.: 227.0
Mode :character Median : 5.000 Median : 6.000 Median : 510.0
Mean : 6.802 Mean : 9.222 Mean : 851.6
3rd Qu.: 9.000 3rd Qu.:12.000 3rd Qu.: 1080.0
Max. :62.000 Max. :94.000 Max. :15345.0
gross
Min. :-1645.0
1st Qu.: 21.0
Median : 68.0
Mean : 130.9
3rd Qu.: 168.0
Max. : 3389.0 每周交易次數
par(cex=0.8)
hist(X$date, "weeks", freq=T, las=2, main="No. Transaction per Week")
3. 顧客資料：A
顧客資料彙整
d0 = max(X$date) + 1
A = X %>% mutate(
days = as.integer(difftime(d0, date, units="days"))
) %>% group_by(cust) %>% summarise(
r = min(days), # recency
s = max(days), # seniority
f = n(), # frquency
m = mean(total), # monetary
rev = sum(total), # total revenue contribution
raw = sum(gross), # total gross profit contribution
age = min(age), # age group
area = min(area), # area code
) %>% data.frame
nrow(A) # 32241[1] 32241par(mfrow=c(1,2),cex=0.7)
table(A$age, useNA='ifany') %>% barplot(main="Age Groups",las=2)
table(A$area, useNA='ifany') %>% barplot(main="Areas",las=2) 
顧客摘要
summary(A) cust r s f
Length:32241 Min. : 1.00 Min. : 1.00 Min. : 1.000
Class :character 1st Qu.: 9.00 1st Qu.: 56.00 1st Qu.: 1.000
Mode :character Median : 26.00 Median : 92.00 Median : 2.000
Mean : 37.45 Mean : 80.78 Mean : 3.701
3rd Qu.: 60.00 3rd Qu.:110.00 3rd Qu.: 4.000
Max. :120.00 Max. :120.00 Max. :85.000
m rev raw age
Min. : 8.0 Min. : 8 Min. : -784.0 Length:32241
1st Qu.: 365.0 1st Qu.: 707 1st Qu.: 75.0 Class :character
Median : 705.7 Median : 1750 Median : 241.0 Mode :character
Mean : 993.1 Mean : 3152 Mean : 484.6
3rd Qu.: 1291.0 3rd Qu.: 3968 3rd Qu.: 612.0
Max. :12636.0 Max. :127686 Max. :20273.0
area
Length:32241
Class :character
Mode :character
par(mfrow=c(3,2), mar=c(3,3,4,2))
for(x in c('r','s','f','m'))
hist(A[,x],freq=T,main=x,xlab="",ylab="",cex.main=2)
hist(pmin(A$f,10),0:10,freq=T,xlab="",ylab="",cex.main=2)
hist(log(A$m,10),freq=T,xlab="",ylab="",cex.main=2)
🌷 偏態分佈的處理方法
- 對數轉換 -
log(A$m, 10) - 固定上限 -
pmin(A$f, 10)
Check & Save
is.na(Z) %>% colSums date cust age area cat prod qty cost price tid
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 is.na(X) %>% colSums tid date cust age area items pieces total gross
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 is.na(A) %>% colSumscust r s f m rev raw age area
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A0 = A; X0 = X; Z0 = Z
save(Z0, X0, A0, file="data/tf0.rdata")4. 行銷企畫競賽
A.企畫項目
- 1)利用既有和衍生的變數做顧客分群(標籤)
- 2)根據顧客族群價值屬性，選取行銷重點、設定行銷目標
- 3)製作模型：估計每一位顧客的：
- 回購機率
- 預期營收、預期獲利
- 終生價值
- 4)根據顧客族群特徵，設計(至少兩項)行銷方案
- 5)對方案的成本、效益進行(可以透過參數調整的)假設
- 6)設計模擬程式，藉以：
- 選擇行銷方案
- 設定方案參數
- 選擇行銷對象
- 估計成本效益
- 7)做一個完整的行銷企劃報告：
- 經營現況
- 改善策略
- 行銷方案
- 預期成效
B.評分項目
- 能從資料中找出重要的現象、結構、趨勢
- 能善用資料視覺化呈現重要發現
- 能找出特殊的、有價值的顧客族群
- 能找到或導出有預測力的變數
- 能根據分析的結果選擇策略重點、設定策略(量化)目標
- 能提出有效、有創意的行銷方案
- 能設計出合理的假設
- 能正確演練市場模擬的程序，清楚表達策略規劃的邏輯
- 整份行銷企劃的整體(影片+文案)品質
- 投入資源執行這一份企劃的意願
5. 資料探索練習
- 1)不同的年齡(或地理)族群的購買行為有什麼差異
- 2)顧客在周末和周間的購買行為是一樣的嗎
- 3)賣的最好的品類(品項)
- 4)銷售量或營收最大的品類(品項)獲利也是最大的嗎
- 5)依據 … 做顧客分群(市場區隔)
- RFM
- 年齡層、居住地區
- 曾購買的產品
- …
- 6)比較各族群的特徵
- 7)…
- 8)設定行銷目標和策略
類別資料的分類統計
mosaic(~area+age, data=A, shade=T)